Culturally,
Linguistically and Ability Diverse Children, Youth and Families
Deaf Literacy
Disproportionality English
Language Development/ESL Reading
Instruction Social Skills
and Discipline Study Skills
Additional Topics
Related
Organizations
Children
and youth with disabilities face enormous challenges. When they
come from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, these
challenges are multiplied many times. Thus, families and professionals
often need assistance from other experts and from other groups.
The resources that follow include recommendations of organizations,
associations, and government agencies as well as print and video
resources for serving culturally, linguistically and ability diverse
(CLAD) children and youth and their families.
Organizations and projects supported by the U.S. Office of Special
Education Projects are indicated with the logo.

Alliance Project
Headquarters
Peabody College
Vanderbilt University
P.O. Box 160
Nashville, TN 37202-0160
Voice: (800) 831-6134; (615) 343-5610
Fax: (615) 343-5611
Email: alliance@vanderbilt.edu
Web site: www.alliance2k.org
Washington,
DC Metropolitan Office
10860 Hampton Road
Fairfax Station, VA 22039-2700
Voice: (703) 239-1557
Fax: (703) 503-8627
Email: judysd@edu.gte.net
The
Alliance Project's mission is to address the increasing demand for
and declining supply of personnel from historically under-represented
groups for special education and related services, in cooperation
with Historically Black Colleges and Universities, tribally controlled
colleges, and other institutions of higher education whose enrollments
include at least 25 percent of students who are members of underrepresented
racial/ethnic groups. The goal is to enhance the capacities of these
institutions to prepare qualified personnel for careers in special
education.

Association on Higher Education and Disability (AHEAD)
University of Massachusetts Boston
100 Morrissey Blvd.
Boston, MA 02125-3393
Voice/TTY: (617) 287-3880
Fax: (617) 287-3881
Web site: http://www.ahead.org
The
Association on Higher Education and Disability (AHEAD) is an international,
multicultural organization of professionals committed to full participation
in higher education for persons with disabilities. The Association
is a vital resource, promoting excellence through education, communication,
and training.
Early Childhood Research Institute on Culturally and Linguistically
Appropriate Services (CLAS)
CLAS Early Childhood Research Institute
61 Children's Research Center
51 Gerty Drive
Campaign, IL 61820-7498
Voice/TTY: (800) 583-4135
Fax: (217) 333-3767
Web site: http://www.clas.uiuc.edu/
Email: clas@ericps.crc.uiuc.edu
CLAS
identifies, evaluates, and promotes early intervention practices
that are effective, appropriate and sensitive to children with disabilities,
ages birth to five years, and their families, who are culturally
and linguistically diverse.
 
Center for Research on Education, Diversity & Excellence
(CREDE)
University of California, Santa Cruz
1156 High Street
Santa Cruz CA 95064
Voice: (831) 459-3500
Fax: (831) 459-3502
Email: crede@cats.ucsc.edu
Web site: http://www.crede.ucsc.edu/
CREDE's
mission is to assist the nation's diverse students at risk of educational
failure to achieve academic excellence. The Center's research and
development focuses on critical issues in the education of linguistic
and cultural minority students and those placed at risk by factors
of race, poverty, and geographic location. CREDE is funded by the
U.S. Department of Education, Office of Educational Research and
Improvement.

Division for Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Exceptional
Learners (DDEL)
Council for Exceptional Children
1110 North Glebe Road
Suite 300
Arlington, VA 22201-5704
Voice: (703) 620-3660 local or 1-(888) CEC-SPED toll free
TTY: (703) 264-9446
Fax: (703) 264-9494
Web Site: http://www.cec.sped.org/
DDEL
is dedicated to advancing and improving educational opportunities
for culturally and linguistically diverse learners with disabilities
and/or who are gifted, their families, and the professionals who
serve them. Members receive a yearly jourmal, Multiple Voices for
Ethnically Diverse Exceptional Learners, and two issues of the DDEL
Newsletter.

Elementary and Middle Schools Technical Assistance Center (EMSTAC)
American Institutes for Research
1000 Thomas Jefferson St. NW
Washington, DC 20007
Voice: (202) 944-5300
Fax: (202) 944-5454
Email: emstac@air.org
Web site: http://www.emstac.org
The
mission of the Elementary and Middle Schools Technical Assistance
Center (EMSTAC) is to identify and meet the technical assistance
needs of elementary and middle schools to improve educational outcomes
for children with disabilities. EMSTAC works with school district
personnel to promote research-based change nationwide.

ERIC Clearinghouse on Languages and Linguistics
Center for Applied Linguistics
4646 40th Street, NW
Washington, DC 20016-1859
Voice: (202) 362-0700; (800) 276-9834
Fax: (202) 362-3740
E-mail: eric@cal.org
Web site: http://www.cal.org/ericcll
The
ERIC Clearinghouse on Languages and Linguistics is operated by the
Center for Applied Linguistics, a private non profit organization
and funded by the U.S. Department of Education. ERIC/CLL provides
a wide range of services and materials for language educators, most
of them free of charge. These include two-page information digests
and short bibliographies, a semiannual newsletter, and a question-answering
service eric@cal.org. All of these are available at no cost. Ready-made
computer searches of the ERIC database are also available for a
nominal fee.

Families and Advocates Partnership for Education (FAPE)
PACER Center
4826 Chicago Avenue South
Minneapolis, MN 55417-1098
Voice: (612) 827-2966
TTY: (612) 827-7770
Fax: (612) 827-3065
Email: pacer@pacer.org
Web site: http://www.fape.org
FAPE
aims to inform and educate families and advocates about IDEA '97.
FAPE's main goals are to: 1) inform and support families and advocates
through a partnership among families and disability organizations;
2) promote research-based practices that positively impact results
for children with disabilities in accessing challenging curricula,
meeting high expectations, realizing success through ongoing assessment
of progress and increasing the involvement of parents and disability
advocates in children's educational programs; and 3) maintain effective
and efficient networking, marketing and outreach activities to ensure
broad-based understanding of IDEA '97 and to promote appropriate
implementation at state and local levels.

Fiesta Educativa
3839 Selig Place
Los Angeles, CA 70031
Voice: (323) 221-6696
Fax: (323) 221-6699
Email: fiestaed@aol.com
Web site: http://www.fiestaeducativa.org/
Fiesta
Educativa assists Latino families in obtaining services to help
them care for their children with disabilities through education,
training, referral, and information. It has chapters in 3 regions
of California.

Federal Resources for Educational Excellence (FREE)
Web site: http://www.ed.gov/free
The
U.S. Department of Education's web site for free educational resources.
Teachers, parents, students, and others may find free teaching and
learning resources from more than 30 federal agencies.

Howard University Center for Disability and Socioeconomic Policy
Studies (HURTC)
2900 Van Ness St. NW
Holy Cross Hall, Suite 100
Washington, DC 20008
Voice: (202) 806-8086
TDD: (202) 244-7628
Fax: (202) 806-8148
Web site: http://www.law.howard.edu/HURTC/HURTC.html
The
Howard University Research and Training Center for Access to Rehabilitation
and Economic Opportunity (HURTC) is funded by the National Institute
on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR), U.S. Department
of Education. HURTC has the philosophy that every individual no
matter how severely disadvantaged or disabled can benefit from competent,
appropriately designed rehabilitation and related services. The
program of the Center focuses on an interdisciplinary collaborative
approach to the needs of persons from multicultural communities
with disabilities.

Language is Key Project
Washington Research Institute
150 Nickerson Street Suite #305
Seattle, Washington 98109
Voice: (206) 285-9317
Fax: (206) 285-1523
Email: kcole@wri-edu.org;
antoari@wri-edu.org;
yslim@wri-edu.org
Web site: http://www.wri-edu.org/bookplay
The
Language is The Key training model addresses the following major
areas: (a) early language, literacy and play development; (b) bilingual
language development, (c) family involvement , (d) language facilitation,
(e) cultural relevance, and (f), adult learning

National Association of Bilingual Education (NABE)
1220 L Street, NW
Suite 605
Washington, DC 20005-4018
Voice: (202) 898-1829
Fax: (202) 789-2866
Web site: http://www.nabe.org
Promoting
educational excellence and equity through bilingual education, the
National Association for Bilingual Education (NABE) is a national
organization concerned with the education of language-minority students
in American schools.

National Clearinghouse for Professions in Special Education
1110 North Glebe Road
Suite 300
Arlington, VA 22201-5704
Voice: (800) 641-7824; (703) 264-9476
TTY: (866) 915-5000
Fax: (703) 264-1637
Email: ncpse@cec.sped.org
Web site: http://www.specialedcareers.org
The
mission of NCPSE is to collect, analyze, and disseminate information
that will guide efforts to increase the adequacy of the available
supply of qualified, diverse special education, and related professions.
NCPSE also works to improve and maintain a knowledge base concerning
programs preparing special education and related services professionals;
establish networks of state education agencies, local education
agencies, and professional associations to maximize the sharing
and accuracy of information regarding career and employment opportunities;
and provide technical assistance to institutions of higher education
seeking to meet state and professionally recognized standards.

National Institute for Urban School Improvement
Center for Program Improvement
University of Colorado at Denver
1380 Lawrence Street, Suite 650
Denver, CO 80204
Voice: (303) 556-3990
TTY/TDD: (877) 883-1423
Fax: (303) 556-6142
Email: niusi@edc.org
Web site: http://www.edc.org/urban/
The
mission of the National Institute for Urban School Improvement is
to support inclusive urban communities, schools, and families in
order to build their capacity for sustainable, successful urban
education.

Quality Education for Minorities (QEM) Network
1818 N Street, NW
Suite 350
Washington, DC 20036
Voice: (202) 659-1818
Fax: (202) 659-5408
E-mail: qemnetwork@qem.org
Web site: http://qemnetwork.qem.org
The
QEM Network is a non-profit organization based in Washington, D.C.
dedicated to improving the education of African Americans, Alaska
Natives, American Indians, Mexican Americans, and Puerto Ricans.
It advocates for the educational benefit of all children and youth
by improving the quality of education available to the groups targeted
by QEM. The QEM Network believes that quality education for minorities
improves the quality of education for all.

Technical Assistance for Parent Centers--the Alliance
PACER Center
4826 Chicago Avenue South
Minneapolis, MN 55417-1098
Voice: (888) 248-0822; (612) 827-2966
TTY: (612) 827-7770
Fax: (612) 827-3065
Email: alliance@taalliance.org
Web site: http://www.taalliance.org/
The
mission of the Alliance Project is to expand the leadership capability
of Parent Training and Information (PTI) projects to provide information
and training to an increasing number of parents of children with
disabilities representing the great diversity of special need, age,
ethnicity, and economic and educational background. The Alliance
Project is based on the same model of parent-to-parent peer empowerment
that characterizes the PTI, Experimental PTI, and Community-Based
projects it serves.
Print
Resources
- "Cultural
Underpinnings of Special Education: Implications for Professional
Interactions with Culturally Diverse Families." Harry, B.,
and M. Kalyanpur. Disability & Society. Vol. 9 no.
2, 1994. 145-165.
This
article defines the cultural assumptions underlying special
education policy and practice in the US and argues that unawareness
of cultural relativity contributes to cross-cultural dissonance
in working with families from diverse backgrounds. The article
argues that, despite an ideal of parental participation, the
medical note on which the law is based may result in misunderstanding
between professionals and parents with different value systems.
Three aspects of misunderstandings are explored: the way disability
is defined, the power accorded to professional expertise,
and the commitment to decontextualized language of objective
science. Four areas of clinical practice dissonance are identified:
parenting styles, education goals, family and community concerns,
and the pragmatics of communication.
- "Developing
Culturally Inclusive Services For Individuals With Severe Disabilities."
Harry, B., et al. Journal of the Association for Persons with
Severe Handicaps. Vol. 20 no. 2, 1995. 99-109.
This
article proposes a culturally inclusive approach to mainstreaming
the education of students with severe disabilities, emphasizing
the need to address cultural features directly when planning
for inclusion of such students. Professionals must establish
a personal relationship with the family prior to formal assessment,
by taking into account culturally appropriate developmental
norms, and recognizing family interpretations of and attitudes
towards disability. Assessment of such students should include
parents, extend time for explanation of assessment results,
and use independent interpreters and alternative assessment
approaches. Placement and instruction of students from diverse
cultures should comprise inclusion in neighborhood schools,
community-based and native language instruction, collaborative
planning, and inclusion of cultural features. Awareness of
and concern for cultural issues are emphasized in all aspects
of personnel preparation.
- "Developing
Culturally Sensitive Transition Plans: A Reflective Process."
Wolfe, P.S., R.S. Boone, and M. Barrera. Journal of Vocational
Special Needs. Vol. 20 no.1, 1997. 30-33.
This
article outlines six steps for culturally sensitive transition
plans: (1) awareness of cultural issues; (2) identification
of educators' personal values; (3) perceptions of family values
about cultural diversity and adulthood; (4) congruence/incongruence
of educators' and family values; (5) verification of family
expectations and desires; and (6) planning for future actions.
- Enhancing
Family Roles in EI Programs. Popper, B. Early Childhood Bulletin,
NECTAS, 1997. Available from: http://www.nectas.unc.edu
This
Early Childhood Bulletin explores issues to consider
for involving the diversity of parents in the activities of
their state interagency coordinating councils (ICCs) and the
range of roles they can play.
- Preventing
Reading Difficulties in Young Children. Committee on the Prevention
of Reading Difficulties in Young Children, The Commission on Behavioral
and Social Sciences and Education, and The National Research Council.
Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1998.
The
book examines the epidemiology of reading problems and introduces
the concepts used by experts in the field. In a clear and
readable narrative, word identification, comprehension, and
other processes in normal reading development are discussed.
Against the background of normal progress, Preventing Reading
Difficulties in Young Children examines factors that put
children at risk of poor reading. It explores in detail how
literacy can be fostered from birth through kindergarten and
the primary grades, including evaluation of philosophies,
systems, and materials commonly used to teach reading.
- "Research
Knowledge and Policy Issues in Cultural Diversity and Education."
Tharp, R.G. Systemic reform: Perspectives on personalizing
education. Sept. 1994. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of
Education.
http://www.ed.gov/pubs/EdReformStudies/SysReforms/tharp1.html
There
are four parts to the article, each addressing a specific
questions. The following are the questions they address:
- Can
we account for important current student features in terms
of the historical forces operating on his or her ancestors
in a time frame of hundreds to thousands of years? That is,
does the ethnogenetic level of analysis, which lies in the
dimension of time between phylogenesis and ontogenesis, provide
guidance for the design of effective educational programs?
- Are
culture members privileged in the capacity to teach, administer
or investigate the education of their children?
- Are
there forms of education that are specifically or uniquely
suited for the treatment of children of different cultures?
- Or,
Are there general or universal forms of schooling and teaching
that will equally and adequately address students of diverse
cultures?
- "School
to Community Transition
Planning: Factors to Consider When Working with Culturally Diverse
Students and Families in Rural Settings." Navarette, L.A.,
and W.J. White. Rural and Special Education Quarterly.
vol. 13 no. 1, 1994. 51-56.
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