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Reading Instruction for Students with Disabilities


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Commercial Packages
Reading Recovery

  • Distributed by Reading Recovery Council of North America
    Established in 1984 (United States)

  • Contact Information
    Jean F. Bussell, Executive Director
    Reading Recovery Council of North America
    1929 Kenny Road, Suite 100
    Columbus, OH 43210-1069
    Phone: (614) 292-1795
    Fax: (614) 292-4404
    Web Site: www.readingrecovery.org/ReadingRecoveryInfo/RRIntroduction.htm
    E-mail: bussell.4@osu.edu

  • Student Population Information
    Age/grade levels of students: First grade, also available in Spanish (Descubriendo La Lecutra)
    Applicability to students with disabilities: Program focuses on children scoring in the lower 20% in reading, serves children with any demonstrated need.

  • Setting
    Classroom program or School-wide program:
    Either

  • Synopsis of Program
    • First-grade children who score in the lowest 20% of their class (based on individual measures of assessment and teacher judgement) receive daily one-to-one, 30-minute lessons for 12-20 weeks with a Reading Recovery teacher.
    • Lessons provide children with individualized instruction that focuses on their strengths, experiences with books and stories, accelerated learning expectations, and strategies to help them become independent learners.
    • Reading Recovery teachers record the details of every lesson they provide.
    • Instruction continues until participants can read at or above the class average, and demonstrate the use of independent reading and writing strategies.
    • Parent assists child in daily reading activities as a follow-up to the daily Reading Recovery lesson.
    • Teacher Leaders and Reading Recovery classroom teachers work together to implement the Reading Recover Program. Teacher Leaders are responsible for training the classroom teachers who execute the program in the school. Teachers should expect to spend at least one-half of their day in Reading Recovery.

  • Training/Support
    • Start-Up Training
      • Teacher Leaders
        • Reading Recovery relies on Teacher Leaders to train Reading Recovery Teachers at the local level.
        • A Teacher Leader must be post-master's degree teachers and requires one year of training at a University Regional Training Center for which s/he will receive 21 graduate credit quarter hours.
        • Following one-year of training, Teacher Leaders participate in ongoing professional development programs provided by the University Regional Training Centers (currently, there are 23 University Regional Training Centers).
      • Reading Recovery Classroom Teachers
        • Reading Recovery Teachers require one year of training and receive 9 graduate quarter credit hours. The training includes weekly training, teaching, and reflective and analytic discussions.
        • Following the one-year training, teachers are expected to participate in continuing contact with the Teacher Leader, which consists of minimum of six sessions.
    • Continued Professional Development
      • Reading Recovery supports a Teacher Leader Institute with professional development programs for Teacher Leaders; various Reading Recovery conferences are held throughout the country each academic year; newsletters, a professional journal, and other focused publications are available.
      • The University Regional Training Centers are responsible for ensuring effective site implementation of Reading Recovery. The program is monitored through site visits to teacher leaders and through statewide implementation visits conducted by specially-trained Reading Recovery trainers of teacher leaders.

  • Supporting Research
    • Conducted by Developer
      • Students are assessed through the Observation Survey (a literacy assessment created by the developer), where they are compared to their class average that the beginning and end of the school year.
        • Of over 4,000 Ohio students discontinued from the Reading Recovery program in 1996-1997, year-end testing showed 88% scoring in the average band for writing vocabulary, 97% for hearing and recording sounds in words, and 91% for text reading level.
        • Of all the students nationwide who entered Reading Recovery in 1996-1997, 60% achieved the average of their class. Eighty-three percent of the students who received the entire program achieved the average reading levels of their class.
      • In a follow-up study, all the students that participated in the program in first grade made substantial gains in reading and writing as demonstrated on the fourth grade proficiency tests.
    • External Research
      • See References

  • Considerations
    • The program collects entrance and exit data on every child in the program, and analyzes it at the school, district, site, state, and national levels on an annual basis.
    • There are 429 teacher training sites, and 16,548 people have been trained in the Reading Recovery Program.
    • No need to change regular reading curriculum.
    • Minimal technology requirements for implementation.
    • Parental consent is needed for participation in program.

  • Cost Information
    • Start-up: Teacher leader in training salary, tuition (approximately $1,200), books and materials (approximately $2,000), living expenses for the teacher leader in training while at University Training Center, and the cost of building a one-way glass and sound system (estimated at $2,500) at new site for teacher training.
    • Following the one-year training: costs include professional development for teacher leader, site staff support, tuition for teacher training and training materials. Teacher costs include materials, supplies, and tuition. The Reading Recovery trademark is royalty free and dependent only on meeting established guidelines and standards.

  • References
    • Research by Developers
      • Pinnell, G., McCarrier, A., & Button, K. (1990). Teachers' application of theoretical concepts to new instructional settings (Report No.8, Early Literacy Research Project). Columbus, OH: Ohio State University.
      • Lyons, C., & Beaver, J. (1995). Reducing retention and learning disability placement through Reading Recovery: An educationally sound cost-effective choice. In R. Allington and S. Wamsley (Eds.), No quick fix: Redesigning literacy programs in America's elementary schools (pp. 116-136). New York: Teachers College Press and the International Reading Association.
    • External Research
      • Escamilla, K. (1994). Descbriendo La Lectura: An early intervention literacy program in Spanish. Literacy, Teaching and Learning: An International Journal of Early Literacy, 1, 57-85.
      • Jaggar, A., & Simic, O. (1996). A four-year follow-up study of Reading Recovery children in New York state: Preliminary report. New York: University Reading Recovery Project, School of Education.
      • Stringfield, S., Millsap, M.A., Herman, R., Yoder, N., Brigham, N., Nesselfodt, P., Schaffer, E., Karweit, N., Leven, M., & Stevens, R. (1997). Urban and suburban/rural special strategies for educating disadvantaged children: Final report. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education.

  • Sample Sites
    • Fort Bend I.S.D
      PO Box 1004
      Sugarland, TX 77487-1004
      Site Coordinator: Mary Jackson
      (281) 634-1134
    • Marion County School District
      910 East Church Street
      Marion, OH 43302
      Site Coordinator: Douglass Kammerer
      (614) 387-3300
    • San Luis Coastal Unified School District
      348 Los Osos Valley Road
      Los Osos, CA 93402
      Teacher Leader: Wayne Brown
      (805) 528-5606

 

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Early Intervention in Reading
Reading Recovery
Institute of Multi-Sensory Education
Lexia Reading Software
Language Tune-Up Kit

 

 


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