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Reading
Reading Instruction for Students with Disabilities
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Models
and Classroom Instruction
Text Adaptation
Text
adaptation is a technique that can be used with many reading comprehension
interventions programs. Simply, it involves making changes to
or adding to an existing text in order to make it more comprehensible
for students with or without disabilities. There are three forms
of text adaptation:
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Text Modification: Factors in a text that are identified
as contributing to comprehension difficulties are modified to
make the text more "considerate" for students.
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Text
Circumvention: This method replaces existing material. Successful
circumvention involves rewriting text, using tape-recorded texts,
listening to texts, and integrated computer applications to
enhance comprehension. Studies show that circumventing text
by spending more time on some kind of interactive instruction
activity prior to reading, is effective, but this also requires
creativity and time.
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Text
Supplementation materials: Materials that supplement, but
do not replace text, are fairly effective and include organizational
materials with visual/spatial features, graphic and non-graphic
aids, semantic-feature analyses, and concept diagrams.
Instructional
Grouping
Strategy Instruction
Direct Instruction
Text Adaptation
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